Thirty years of urban expansion in Amman city: urban sprawl drivers, environmental impact and its implications on sustainable urban development: A review Article

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to understand the current state of Amman city research on urban sprawl environmental impacts and their relationships to urban sustainability, with a focus on several indicators and drivers into a multi-level perspective of urban sprawl monitoring and management. We demonstrate how Amman addresses urban sprawl. The environmental impact of urban sprawl includes a number of indicators, including the impact on land use, which is primarily spent on agricultural land. The extent of settlements away from the urban area increases the need for increased use of cars, thereby increasing the air pollution levels and carbon dioxide emissions, as well as the level of noise from extensive car use as settlements, expand. With the construction of individual houses and apartments with larger living spaces, there is a rising need for water consumption, particularly in households, and the price of communal tax payments rises, in addition to solid waste collection and disposal services, as well as infrastructure. All of these indicators were investigated in this paper.