The Problematic Between The Empirical Inductive Standpoint And The Deductive Hypothetical Standpoint

Abstract

The problematic formulation stage is considered one of the most important stages of scientific research, as it is a pivotal stage between the cutting and foundation stages, as well as between the theoretical and field research sides. The scientific fact, in the words of "Gaston Bachelard": must be conquered, built, and examined. Accurate and important methodological steps must be taken into account in formulating the problematic, as it is necessary to take into account the past, present, and future of the phenomenon, by tracing the history of the phenomenon and describing it; In addition to what Raymond Quivy and Luc Van Campenhoudt called for in their books "Social Science Research Handbook" by addressing the seven stages of scientific research, where they presented the problematic formulation stage as a third stage, the construction of which requires necessity Examine as much as possible the previous literature, as well as conduct exploratory interviews to be able to form the conceptual construction of the research problematic in its general form, or what is known methodologically as the oppressive approach, meaning the transition from the general to the specific.

With this in mind, we ask:

What are the basic steps that must be taken into account when formulating the problematic, and how to formulate the sub-questions?