Geospatial technologies have revolutionized urban planning by providing advanced tools for spatial data analysis, mapping, and visualization. This paper explores the current applications, challenges, and future trends of geospatial technologies in urban planning. It begins with an overview of GIS, remote sensing, and spatial data analysis tools used in urban contexts. The paper discusses the importance of these technologies in enhancing decision-making processes and optimizing urban development. Challenges such as data privacy, technical infrastructure, and skills requirements are examined, along with strategies for overcoming these barriers. Future trends including advances in remote sensing technologies, integration with AI and machine learning, and the potential impact of IoT are also explored. By synthesizing current research and case studies, this review provides insights into the transformative potential of geospatial technologies in shaping sustainable and resilient cities of the future.