The present study tackles federalism in Iraq by identifying the application of federalism and its social and political repercussions on the Iraqi society. Federalism is defined as a type of governance in which authorities are divided between a central government and smaller governmental units, such as regions or states that are interdependent on one another and share sovereignty in the state. Federalism may involve the shape of government or constitutional structure existing in Federal States. So, it is a governance system in which states give up some of their authorities to a central government.