ISSN: 2265-6294

Determination Of The Water Needs Of The Cocoa CCN51 (Theobroma Cacao L.) Crop From Georeferenced Information In The Subtropics Of Ecuador

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Cristian Santiago Tapia Ramírez,Edmundo Danilo Guilcapi Pacheco,Vicente Javier Parra León,Susana Monserrat Zurita Polo

Abstract

The study was conducted in the San Francisco de Chipe area, in the cantonal capital of La Maná (Ecuador), to carry out the agronomic design for implementing a sprinkler irrigation system in the cultivation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) variety CCN51. It began with a topographic survey, soil analysis to determine the physical parameters for irrigation purposes and the analysis of historical meteorological data of monthly average temperature, relative humidity and precipitation recorded by the INAMHI M0124 San Juan station, with this information the agronomic design was carried out, which determined the following results: the total irrigated area corresponds to 1.28 hectares; the potential evapotranspiration (ETP) determined by the Hargreaves method is 2.99 mm/day; the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) is 3.14 mm/day; the water demand corresponds to the period from July to November where the month with the highest demand (September) was recorded, a value of 1.89 mm/day was obtained; an irrigation frequency of 5 days was determined, with an irrigation time of 2 hours to satisfy a total lamina of 12.58 mm, with a required water volume of 161.05 m3; the selected sprinkler operates with a flow rate of 0.21 l/s and an irrigation frame of 10 x 10 m; the effective irrigation day is 8 hours in which 4 irrigation sectors can be had and the irrigation time per sector is 2 hours.

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