The linguistic relationship between the source text and the translated text is considered from different positions: language and culture, language and thinking, language and worldview, language and society, language and nature. This research is devoted to the problem of translation of the linguistic realia associated with the wedding ceremonies of the Kazakh people, in the aspect of the interaction of languages and cultures.The article makes an attempt to study the nationally-colored vocabulary presented by the realia of Kazakh culture, and to analyze their transmission into Russian. The results formulated in this research have been relating to the peculiarities of the influence of the Kazakh actual environment, culture and language on the corresponding Russian phenomena. Particular attention in the article is paid to identifying those translation transformations that allow preserving the national and cultural originality of the original literary text in the process of translation from Kazakh into Russian.