The urgency of the study is stipulated by the existing problem of gender inequality in the armed forces, in particular, by the necessity to pay attention to the professional potential of female military personnel, as well as the effectiveness of military operations with their participation. The aim of the article is to disclose the most common challenges faced by women during military service based on the results of the gender equality state's analysis in the armed forces of various countries and to develop suggestions for their solutions. An analysis of the historical role of women in various states' armed forces and gender stereotypes regarding multiform restrictions on the women's service in the armed forces' subunits laid the foundations of this study.