In this paper, we will discuss the changing function of government surveillance in India, particularly within the context of digital development and the constitutional guarantees of freedom of speech and expression. Along with the governments acquiring more powers through the use of technology to augment their intervention in law enforcement and maintenance of public order, concerns about the right to privacy and human liberties get more significant. Referring to this article we are going to examine whether these practices support or over rangers Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution which guarantees citizens' right to freedom of speech and expression