The characteristics of phraseological units with the component water in the linguistic and cultural aspect on the example of four different-structured languages are shown. The analyze of this formation of phraseological fund by comparing semantic groups and identifying common and specific in languages is performed. As a result of the conducted research, it was revealed that PU with the water component show a great variety in the compared languages both in terms of the general phraseology semantics and the symbolism of the water component, in connection with which a fairly large number of phraseosemantic groups have been identified, some of which show minimal occupancy (one or two units in each group) The greatest similarity is found in English and German phrasicons. At the same time, German language is the leader in the number of unique thematic groups that are not represented in other comparable languages.