The main purpose of the article is a metaphilosophical analysis of prayer from the point of view of the problem of the development of philosophical methodology. The problem of the nature of philosophy is considered by the authors as the problem of the implementation of philosophical thinking. Theology acts as an area outside of philosophical knowledge, from which the clarification of possible ways of philosophizing is carried out. The author of the article, analyzing the theological understanding of prayer, formulates the methodological principles of philosophical thinking. Prayer is understood in a broad sense as a way and form of a believer's existence. The article notes the complex nature of prayer, which reflects all aspects of faith.