ISSN: 2265-6294

Regional Differences in Economic Empowerment of Women in India and Its Relation to Economic Growth

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Ankita Borbora

Abstract

The terms of ‘Empowerment’ and ‘Economic Empowerment’ of women are often used loosely in women related literature referring many interchangeable meanings. This study has expressed the term ‘economic empowerment’ in terms of accessibility to seven dimensions i.e. income, land, decision making, education, banking, health and organised sector employment. Women are continuously facing inequality in their economic possessions compared to men all over the world. In India, apart from gender inequality, differences can be seen in the economic statuses of women across the caste, religion, class and geographies. This study has investigated the regional differences existing in India in terms of economic empowerment of women across the states and union territories. The study has estimated a composite index of Women Economic Empowerment Index (WEEI) as a geometric mean of seven-dimension indices for twenty-eight states and seven union territories for three decadal years 1991, 2001 and 2011. The regions have been classified in four categories as “Very low”, “Low”, “Moderate” and “High” on the basis of index values. At all India level, WEEI values have been found ranging in between ‘very low’ and ‘low’ values during (1991-2011). Where, southern and western states of India have stood in the front positions in economic empowerment of women, leading by Tamil Nadu, Goa, and Kerala, women of some other states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Assam etc. are found striving to stand at par with women of former states. The study has also looked into the relation of economic growth with economic empowerment of women.

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