The article attempts to describe the way of storing and functioning of meanings of polysemous words in the linguistic lexicon. To achieve this goal we turned to research of semantic primitives discovered in the course of lexical analysis. Within the framework of the interdisciplinary approach to the problems of words meanings ambiguity, the article justifies the hypothesis that in the process of polysemous words decoding the communicant does not take into account all semantic components of a word. The article aims at confirmation the functioning of a polysemous word meaningful core – lexical invariant, consisting of the clusters of the most essential semantic components.