Teacher efficacy has been found to be linked to a variety of important educational outcomes, including instructors' tenacity, passion, dedication, and instructional behaviour, as well as student outcomes including accomplishment, motivation, and belief in self-efficacy. The study used four research questions and four hypotheses to determine teachers' self-efficacy and students' academic performance in public and private secondary schools in Ilorin. The study adopted a descriptive survey of the correlation type. The survey included 90 private and 21 public senior secondary schools, with 1178 public senior secondary school teachers and 1952 private senior secondary school teachers. The 399 teachers were chosen at random based on their performance and the performance of their students in WAEC (2017, 2018, and 2019).To collect the data, a teacher self-efficacy questionnaire was adopted. The data was analyzed using frequency counts and percentages, Simple Linear Regression (SLR) for the research questions, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) for the hypotheses, which were tested at the 0.05 level of significance.