To maximize efficiency, metro construction projects should be optimized both economically and technically. In this sense, choosing an excavation technique is crucial to avoiding encroachment on currently provided municipal services and incurring extra costs. The development of several novel construction techniques, including Cover and Cut, Cut and Cover, and the novel Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), has given design engineers a favorable environment in which to choose the best excavation choice. The most widely used techniques for building subterranean metro stations are covered in this paper. Additionally, several ground pre-supporting system techniques are described in order to control the instability of excavated subterranean space (convergence) and subsidence in metropolitan areas.