This article provides an in-depth exploration of the impact of ethnic conflict on human rights in Assam, a northeastern state of India. Assam, known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse ethnic groups, has been a hotbed of ethnic conflicts for decades. These conflicts, often resulting in violence and human rights violations, have posed significant challenges to peace and development in the region.The article begins by delving into the complexities of the region’s ethnic diversities. It provides a detailed overview of the various ethnic groups residing in Assam, their cultural practices, historical backgrounds, and the dynamics of their coexistence. This section also discusses the root causes of ethnic conflicts in the region, including issues related to land rights, political representation, and cultural preservation. Following this, the article presents a classification of these conflicts based on their nature, scale, and impact. It categorizes the conflicts into inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic conflicts, large-scale violent conflicts, and low-intensity conflicts. Each category is discussed in detail, providing insights into the unique characteristics and implications of each type of conflict.