Globally, aging populations result from declining birth rates and rising life expectancy. This study aimed to investigate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and quality of life (QoL) among older adults in the rural areas of Northeastern Thailand. The cross-sectional socioeconomic background, health knowledge, psychological stress, and QoL (World Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL) data were collected from 8,348 older persons. Chi-square ( 2 ) and generalized linear models (GLM) were used for data analysis. The  2 study showed that >50 were female in the early age group (60-79 years). The significant factors related to the QoL were age difference, marital status, living styles, education levels, ability to read and write, working situations, economic status, present illness, health knowledge levels, and psychological stress levels. Further analysis with the GLM showed that the QoL could be predicted by education levels, reading ability, working statuses, present illness, health literacy, and psychological stress levels. Healthcare professionals must consequently be aware of these population disparities to promote QoL. Stress reduction combined with psychosocial support intervention is a potential application. Additionally, psychological support may help them recover from their current mental problem.